ABSTRACT Harvesting fruits and vegetables has been a challenge. Mobile platforms for harvesting vegetables and fruits have been used, but with some limitations, such as their applicability for a certain time of the year and for a specific crop. A mobile platform was initially developed for harvesting fresh market tomatoes, mainly staked in Brazil. However, after field trials, many problems were identified, such as crop use limitation and machine structure problems. Therefore, the initial project was reformulated to assume different functions, with a retractable and smaller frame and the possibility of adding on other devices, expanding crop harvest and farm use. The concept of a hybrid vehicle with one electric power generator to drive all four wheels with electric motors was kept. The main goal of this article is to describe the development of the mobile platform machine structural details and integration of electrical, hydraulic, and mechanical project and field tests performed in a commercial orange orchard, comparing harvest types, evaluating yield and machine performance. Tests with the mobile laboratory prototype show its potential application to assist harvest and to other farm operations, especially due to its mobility. Harvest productivity through machine was higher, though not significantly different from manual harvest.

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar parâmetros que influenciam na colheita auxiliada e comparar a colheita tradicionalmente realizada para tomate de mesa em propriedades agrícolas, no Estado de São Paulo. Para tanto, foi desenvolvido um dispositivo de auxílio à colheita, de estrutura metálica, dotado de rodas e com assentos acoplados para um ou dois colhedores, avaliado em quatro modalidades de colheita: testemunha (colheita-padrão utilizada na Fazenda Santa Luzia, Brotas-SP), colhedor a pé com auxílio, colhedor sentado com auxílio e composição dos dois sistemas, com dois colhedores sentados e um a pé, em diferentes velocidades de deslocamento. Os resultados demonstraram que os tipos de colheita com auxílio mecânico se apresentaram mais eficientes do que a testemunha em relação à produtividade horária média por colhedor. O sistema de colheita auxiliada com três colhedores apresentou aumento de 290% na produtividade média horária por colhedor, para a faixa de 0,5 a 1,0 fruto por planta, seguido dos sistemas de colheita auxiliada com colhedor a pé, com aumento de aproximadamente 41%, e colheita auxiliada com colhedor sentado, com aumento de aproximadamente 35%. Esses resultados comprovam a importância do uso do dispositivo de auxílio mecânico.

Fresh tomato harvest is traditionally made without harvesting aids. The main goal of this research was to evaluate performance parameters of fresh tomato harvesting aid equipment and compare it to traditional harvest, in the state of São Paulo. Therefore, an equipment was developed and the harvest process was evaluated in four different ways: traditional system (harvest system used in Santa Luzia farm, Brotas, SP, Brazil), picker walking with a harvesting aid equipment, picker seated in a harvesting aid equipment and a composition of both systems: two pickers seated and one picker walking in two different velocities ranges. The different systems using harvesting aid showed an average yield by picker more efficient than reference. Harvest system using three pickers showed an increase of 290% on yield average by picker, on the range of 0.5-1.0 fruit per plant, followed by the systems with a walking picker, that increased productivity in 41%, and picker seated harvester, that showed an increase of 35%. These results demonstrate the importance of using a harvesting aid equipment.